Essay On Biotechnology - 1520 Words

Current advances in biotechnology through massively parallel sequencing, or Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), has allowed for the investigation and in-depth sequencing of the human genome particularly for the study of biological markers, translational research and genotyping. Upon discovery of cell-free DNA in maternal plasma, implementation of Non-invasive Prenatal Testing, or NIFTY/NIPT, has been actively performed throughout the globe to test for fetal chromosomal abnormalities, particularly Down’s syndrome. Detection rates of fetal aneuploidies can be done in the first and/or second trimester – as early as 4 weeks of gestation, however, most accurate results are found at 7 weeks of gestation. The high accuracy rate of detection of†¦show more content†¦Each clinic has set several standards and cut-off ranges in order to reduce the rate of false positive that is dependent on the age of the pregnant mother and the ranges set by the clinic itself (De Jong, A., Dondorp, W. J., et.al., 2010). The age of a pregnant woman can cause high-risk scenarios and increases the chance of fetal abnormalities. A study conducted by Dr. C. Lewis and associates (2014) have shown that most pregnant women seeking NIPT were typically older, predominately white, and well-educated. Furthermore, with the utilization of NIPT worldwide, there are various factors contributing towards higher aneuploidy rates, especially in lower middle class communities, urban areas, and the slums. Dr. C. Lewis and associates (2014) produced statistics that have found that there are typically higher rates of aneuploidy in rural and urban areas because women tend to marry or conceive children at age 35 and older. Likewise, due to high consanguineous marriage rates in many parts of the Middle East, there is a higher incident and increased rate of delivering a child with birth defects or a genetic disorder (Allyse, M., Minear, M., et. al, 2015). These studies have supported that although the number of cases associated with children born with a genetic disorder is unknown, there is a high correlation associated with increased age of conception of the mother with some growing evidence of high paternal age as well, thus leading to high terminationShow MoreRelated Biotechnology Essay763 Words   |  4 Pages Biotechnology nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Over the past decade, Biotechnology has advanced much to the advantage of many people. We have learned that with certain chemicals, we are able to cut-and-paste the DNA of certain organisms, and alter them to comply to our sociable needs. 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